如何在 python webdriver 中为 chrome 设置代理？

问题描述：

我正在使用这个代码：

profile = webdriver.FirefoxProfile()
profile.set_preference("network.proxy.type", 1)
profile.set_preference("network.proxy.http", "proxy.server.address")
profile.set_preference("network.proxy.http_port", "port_number")
profile.update_preferences()
driver = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_profile=profile)

在 python webdriver 中为 FF 设置代理。这适用于 FF。如何在 Chrome 中设置这样的代理？我找到了这个示例，但没有什么帮助。当我运行脚本时什么也没发生（Chrome 浏览器未启动）。

解决方案 1：

from selenium import webdriver

PROXY = "23.23.23.23:3128" # IP:PORT or HOST:PORT

chrome_options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_argument('--proxy-server=%s' % PROXY)

chrome = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
chrome.get("http://whatismyipaddress.com")

解决方案 2：

它对我有用...

from selenium import webdriver

PROXY = "23.23.23.23:3128" # IP:PORT or HOST:PORT

chrome_options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_argument('--proxy-server=http://%s' % PROXY)

chrome = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=chrome_options)
chrome.get("http://whatismyipaddress.com")

解决方案 3：

我也遇到过同样的问题。ChromeOptions 非常奇怪，因为它没有像您想象的那样与 DedesiredCapabilities 集成。我忘记了具体细节，但基本上 ChromeOptions 会根据您是否传递了 DedesiredCapabilities 字典重置为某些默认值。

我做了以下 monkey-patch，它允许我指定自己的字典，而不必担心 ChromeOptions 的复杂性

在 /selenium/webdriver/chrome/webdriver.py 中更改以下代码：

def __init__(self, executable_path="chromedriver", port=0,
             chrome_options=None, service_args=None,
             desired_capabilities=None, service_log_path=None, skip_capabilities_update=False):
    """
    Creates a new instance of the chrome driver.

    Starts the service and then creates new instance of chrome driver.

    :Args:
     - executable_path - path to the executable. If the default is used it assumes the executable is in the $PATH
     - port - port you would like the service to run, if left as 0, a free port will be found.
     - desired_capabilities: Dictionary object with non-browser specific
       capabilities only, such as "proxy" or "loggingPref".
     - chrome_options: this takes an instance of ChromeOptions
    """
    if chrome_options is None:
        options = Options()
    else:
        options = chrome_options

    if skip_capabilities_update:
        pass
    elif desired_capabilities is not None:
        desired_capabilities.update(options.to_capabilities())
    else:
        desired_capabilities = options.to_capabilities()

    self.service = Service(executable_path, port=port,
        service_args=service_args, log_path=service_log_path)
    self.service.start()

    try:
        RemoteWebDriver.__init__(self,
            command_executor=self.service.service_url,
            desired_capabilities=desired_capabilities)
    except:
        self.quit()
        raise 
    self._is_remote = False

唯一改变的是“skip_capabilities_update”kwarg。现在我只需这样做即可设置我自己的字典：

capabilities = dict( DesiredCapabilities.CHROME )

if not "chromeOptions" in capabilities:
    capabilities['chromeOptions'] = {
        'args' : [],
        'binary' : "",
        'extensions' : [],
        'prefs' : {}
    }

capabilities['proxy'] = {
    'httpProxy' : "%s:%i" %(proxy_address, proxy_port),
    'ftpProxy' : "%s:%i" %(proxy_address, proxy_port),
    'sslProxy' : "%s:%i" %(proxy_address, proxy_port),
    'noProxy' : None,
    'proxyType' : "MANUAL",
    'class' : "org.openqa.selenium.Proxy",
    'autodetect' : False
}

driver = webdriver.Chrome( executable_path="path_to_chrome", desired_capabilities=capabilities, skip_capabilities_update=True )

解决方案 4：

很简单！

首先，定义你的代理 URL

proxy_url = "127.0.0.1:9009"
proxy = Proxy({
    'proxyType': ProxyType.MANUAL,
    'httpProxy': proxy_url,
    'sslProxy': proxy_url,
    'noProxy': ''})

然后，创建 chrome 功能设置并向其中添加代理

capabilities = webdriver.DesiredCapabilities.CHROME
proxy.add_to_capabilities(capabilities)

最后，创建 webdriver 并传递所需的功能

driver = webdriver.Chrome(desired_capabilities=capabilities)
driver.get("http://example.org")

总的来说它看起来像这样

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.proxy import *

proxy_url = "127.0.0.1:9009"
proxy = Proxy({
    'proxyType': ProxyType.MANUAL,
    'httpProxy': proxy_url,
    'sslProxy': proxy_url,
    'noProxy': ''})

capabilities = webdriver.DesiredCapabilities.CHROME
proxy.add_to_capabilities(capabilities)

driver = webdriver.Chrome(desired_capabilities=capabilities)
driver.get("http://example.org")

解决方案 5：

这对我来说非常有效：

proxy = "localhost:8080"
desired_capabilities = webdriver.DesiredCapabilities.CHROME.copy()
desired_capabilities['proxy'] = {
    "httpProxy": proxy,
    "ftpProxy": proxy,
    "sslProxy": proxy,
    "noProxy": None,
    "proxyType": "MANUAL",
    "class": "org.openqa.selenium.Proxy",
    "autodetect": False
}

解决方案 6：

对于那些询问如何在 chrome 中设置需要身份验证的代理服务器的人来说，应该遵循以下步骤。

1. 在您的项目中创建一个 proxy.py 文件，使用此代码
   并

在每次需要时从 proxy.py 调用 proxy_chrome 。您需要传递代理服务器、端口和用户名密码等参数进行身份验证。

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.proxy import Proxy
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.common.desired_capabilities import DesiredCapabilities
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
import zipfile,os

def proxy_chrome(PROXY_HOST,PROXY_PORT,PROXY_USER,PROXY_PASS):
    manifest_json = """
            {
                "version": "1.0.0",
                "manifest_version": 2,
                "name": "Chrome Proxy",
                "permissions": [
                    "proxy",
                    "tabs",
                    "unlimitedStorage",
                    "storage",
                    "<all_urls>",
                    "webRequest",
                    "webRequestBlocking"
                ],
                "background": {
                    "scripts": ["background.js"]
                },
                "minimum_chrome_version":"22.0.0"
            }
            """

    background_js = """
    var config = {
            mode: "fixed_servers",
            rules: {
              singleProxy: {
                scheme: "https",
                host: "%(host)s",
                port: parseInt(%(port)d)
              },
              bypassList: ["foobar.com"]
            }
          };
    chrome.proxy.settings.set({value: config, scope: "regular"}, function() {});
    function callbackFn(details) {
        return {
            authCredentials: {
                username: "%(user)s",
                password: "%(pass)s"
            }
        };
    }
    chrome.webRequest.onAuthRequired.addListener(
                callbackFn,
                {urls: ["<all_urls>"]},
                ['blocking']
    );
        """ % {
            "host": PROXY_HOST,
            "port": PROXY_PORT,
            "user": PROXY_USER,
            "pass": PROXY_PASS,
        }


    pluginfile = 'extension/proxy_auth_plugin.zip'

    with zipfile.ZipFile(pluginfile, 'w') as zp:
        zp.writestr("manifest.json", manifest_json)
        zp.writestr("background.js", background_js)

    co = Options()
    #extension support is not possible in incognito mode for now
    #co.add_argument('--incognito')
    co.add_argument('--disable-gpu')
    #disable infobars
    co.add_argument('--disable-infobars')
    co.add_experimental_option("excludeSwitches",["ignore-certificate-errors"])
    #location of chromedriver, please change it according to your project.
    chromedriver = os.getcwd()+'/Chromedriver/chromedriver'
    co.add_extension(pluginfile)
    driver = webdriver.Chrome(chromedriver,chrome_options=co)
    #return the driver with added proxy configuration.
    return driver

解决方案 7：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.proxy import *

myProxy = "86.111.144.194:3128"
proxy = Proxy({
    'proxyType': ProxyType.MANUAL,
    'httpProxy': myProxy,
    'ftpProxy': myProxy,
    'sslProxy': myProxy,
    'noProxy':''})

driver = webdriver.Firefox(proxy=proxy)
driver.set_page_load_timeout(30)
driver.get('http://whatismyip.com')